fa اثربخشی شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی بر نشخوار فکری و افکار خودآیند منفی در سالمندان مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی مسائل ذهنی و روانشناختی سالمندان Eldely mental and psychological issues پژوهشي اصیل Original research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:57.75pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> افسردگی یکی از اختلالات شایع سالمندان می&shy;باشد و این اختلال تحت تاثیر درمان&shy;های روانشناختی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین اثربخشی شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی بر نشخوار فکری و افکار خودآیند منفی در سالمندان مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی ‌بود.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:57.75pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش&shy;</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کار</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> روش پژوهش نیمه</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">&shy;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آزمایشی با گروه آزمایش و کنترل بود. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل کلیه مراجعه‌کنندگان سالمند به مرکز مشاوره و خدمات روانشناختی رهنمون شهر آمل (از تاریخ دهم مهر ‌ماه 1400 تا تاریخ دهم خرداد 1401) بوده است. نمونه‌گیری به صورت در دسترس و 30 نفر از افرادی که بیشترین نمره را در پرسشنامه افسردگی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Beck</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> (1961) کسب کردند به&shy;عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند و سپس با گمارش تصادفی، 15 نفر به گروه آزمایشی و 15 نفر به گروه کنترل و با روش قرعه&shy;کشی تخصیص داده شدند. گروه آزمایشی، به مدت 8 جلسه، هفته ای یک&shy;بار و به مدت 90 دقیقه تحت آموزش شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی قرار گرفتند. در حالی که گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله‌ای را دریافت نکرد. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">جهت جمع&shy;آوری داده&shy;ها از پرسشنامه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">پرسشنامه افسردگی بک (1961)، نشخوار فکری </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#222222">نالن-هوکسما و مارو</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">(1991) و پرسشنامه افکار خودآیند منفی کندال و هالون (1980) استفاده</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> شد. به&shy;منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده&shy;ها از آزمون&shy;های توصیفی (میانگین و انحراف استاندارد) و تحلیل کواریانس با نرم افزار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SPSS</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> نسخه 24 </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">استفاده شد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:57.75pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافته&shy; ها:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> نتایج نشان داد که شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی بر نشخوار فکری و</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> افکار خودآیند منفی </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سالمندان مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی تاثیر دارد</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (005/0></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">p</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">).</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:57.75pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتیجه &shy;گیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش، استفاده از مداخله شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی در کاهش نشخوار فکری و</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> افکار خودآیند منفی</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در سالمندان مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی اساسی</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، را می&shy;توان پیشنهاد نمود. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction:</span></span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Depression is one of the common disorders of the elderly and this disorder is affected by psychological treatments. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on awareness on rumination and negative spontaneous thoughts in the elderly with depressive disorder. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Method:</span></span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research included all the elderly people who referred to the counseling and psychological services center in Amol city (from the 10th of Mehr 1400 to the 10th of Khordad 1401). Sampling was available and 30 people who got the highest score in the Beck Depression Questionnaire (1961) were selected as a sample and then randomly assigned 15 people to the experimental group and 15 people to the control group by lottery. &not;Kashi were allocated. The experimental group underwent cognitive therapy training based on mindfulness for 8 sessions, once a week for 90 minutes. While the control group did not receive any intervention. In order to collect data, Beck&#39;s depression questionnaire (1961), Nalen-Hoeksma and Maro&#39;s rumination questionnaire (1991) and Kendall and Halon&#39;s negative spontaneous thoughts questionnaire (1980) were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and covariance analysis were used with SPSS version 24 software. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results</span></span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: The results showed that cognitive therapy based on awareness has an effect on rumination and negative spontaneous thoughts of the elderly with depressive disorder (P<0.005). </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> According to the results of this research, the use of cognitive therapy intervention based on mindfulness can be suggested in reducing rumination and negative spontaneous thoughts in the elderly with major depressive disorder. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#222222"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی, سالمندان, نشخوار فکری, افکار خودآیند منفی, افسردگی cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, elderly, rumination, negative spontaneous thoughts, Depression. 10 19 http://joge.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-754-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 sayed hossein Hasani سید حسین حسنی h.hasani@gmail.com 10031947532846007424 0000000207994824 Yes کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد بهشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بهشهر، ایران