fa اثربخشی درمان تحریک مکرر مغناطیسی ترانس کرانیال (rTMS) بر عملکرد اجرایی و حافظه فعال سالمندان دارای آلزایمر خفیف توانبخشی سالمندی geriatric rehabilitation پژوهشي اصیل Original research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقدمه:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> شیوع مشکلات روانشناختی در سالمندان دارای آلزایمر خفیف بالا است که بـرای رفـع ایـن مشکلات بـه مداخلاتی نیاز مـی&shy;باشـد. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین اثربخشی درمان تحریک مکرر مغناطیسی ترانس کرانیال (</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">rTMS</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) بر عملکرد اجرایی و حافظه فعال سالمندان دارای آلزایمر خفیف<b> </b>انجام شد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش کار: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ر</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">وش پژوهــش از نــوع نیمــه تجربــی و پیش&shy;آزمــون، پس&shy;آزمــون بــا گــروه کنتــرل بــود. جامعــه آمــاری شــامل کلیه سالمندان دارای آلزایمر خفیف شهر کرمان در سال 1402 بودنــد کــه 30 نفــر (15 نفر گــروه آزمایــش و 15 نفــر گــروه کنتــرل) بــه روش نمونــه&shy;گیــری در دســترس انتخــاب شــدند. ابــزار گــردآوری داده هــا پرسشـنامه&shy;هـای عملکرد اجرایی جرارد و همکاران (2000) و پرسشـنامه حافظه فعال ان بک (1985) بـود. مداخلـه </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">درمان تحریک مکرر مغناطیسی ترانس کرانیال </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در 10 جلسه 20 الی 30 دقیقه&shy;ای و هفته&shy;ای دو بار بـر روی گـروه آزمـایش انجـام شـد و گـروه کنتـرل هیـچ&shy;گونـه مداخلـه&shy;ای دریافـت نکردنـد. تجزیـه و تحلیـل داده&shy;هـا بـا آزمـون&shy;هـای توصیفـی (میانگیـن و انحـراف اسـتاندارد) و تحلیـل کوواریانـس و بـا اسـتفاده از نـرم افـزار</span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SPSS</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نسـخه 24 انجـام شـد. میـزان</span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">P</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کمتـر از 05/0 معنـی&shy;داری در نظـر گرفتـه شـد</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافته &shy;ها: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در متغیـر عملکرد اجرایی، میانگیـن و انحـراف اسـتاندارد گـروه آزمایـش در پیـش آزمـون 74/16</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">92/146 و در پـس آزمـون </span></span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">37/16</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:black">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">82/192 و در متغیـر حافظه فعال، میانگیـن و انحـراف اسـتاندارد گـروه آزمایـش در پیـش آزمـون 40/7</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:black"> &plusmn; </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">19/36 و در پـس آزمـون 43/6</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:black"> &plusmn; </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">59/68 بـه دسـت آمـد. نتایـج تحلیـل کوواریانـس نیـز نشـان داد کـه </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">درمان تحریک مکرر مغناطیسی ترانس کرانیال بر </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">عملکرد اجرایی </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و حافظه فعال سالمندان دارای آلزایمر خفیف<b> </b></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">تاثیـر داشـت (01/0</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:black">P <</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">). </span></span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتیجه &shy;گیری:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> بـر اسـاس یافتـه&shy;هـای پژوهـش، از </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">درمان تحریک مکرر مغناطیسی ترانس کرانیال برای افزایش و حافظه فعال سالمندان دارای آلزایمر خفیف </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مـی تـوان اسـتفاده کـرد</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; <br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The prevalence of psychological problems in the elderly with mild Alzheimer&#39;s is high, which requires interventions to solve these problems. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment on executive function and working memory of elderly people with mild Alzheimer&#39;s disease. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The research method was semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all elderly people with mild Alzheimer&#39;s disease in Kerman city in 2023, 30 people (15 people from the experimental group and 15 people from the control group) were selected by available sampling method. The data collection tool was the executive function questionnaires of Gerrard et al. (2000) and the working memory questionnaire of Enbeck (1985). The treatment intervention of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation in 10 sessions of 20 to 30 minutes and twice a week was performed on the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was done with descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and covariance analysis using SPSS version 24 software. The level of P less than 0.05 was considered significant. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> in the executive function variable, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group in the pre-test was 146.92&plusmn;16.74 and in the post-test 192.82&plusmn;16.37 and in the working memory variable, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group in the pre-test 36.19 &plusmn; 7.40 in the test and 68.59 &plusmn; 6.43 in the post-test. The results of covariance analysis also showed that repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment had an effect on the executive function and working memory of the elderly with mild Alzheimer&#39;s disease (P < 0.01). </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Based on the research findings, the treatment of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation can be used to increase the active memory of the elderly with mild Alzheimer&#39;s. </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; کلید واژه­ها: آلزایمر خفیف, تحریک مکرر مغناطیسی ترانس کرانیال, حافظه فعال, عملکرد اجرایی, سالمندان. mild Alzheimer's, repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation, working memory, executive function, elderly. 20 28 http://joge.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-768-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 fatemeh mirkamali فاطمه السادات میرکمالی kamali@gmail.com 10031947532846007425 10031947532846007425 No کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره، مدیر کلینیک آرتی ام اس یاس کرمان، کرمان، ایران. fatemeh Karimi فاطمه کریمی گوهری kazemi@gmail.com 10031947532846007426 10031947532846007426 Yes کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره و راهنمایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمان، کرمان، ایران Saeed ahmad khosravi سعید احمد خسروی khosropoor.f@iau.ac.ir 10031947532846007427 10031947532846007427 No استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران Morad hosseini مراد حسینی h.hosini@gmail.com 10031947532846007428 10031947532846007428 No استادیار تربیت بدنی، گروه آموزش تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.