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Introduction: Daily behaviors of the elderly affect oral and dental conditions. Today, the oral health of the older adults and promote it are very much taken into consideration, which is directly related to their quality of life. The main aim of this study was evaluation of Oral health status of male older adults in Razi psychiatric hospital.
Method: In this cross-sectional hospital-based study, we recruited male admitted older adults aged ≥ 60 in Razi psychiatric hospital in Tehran, 2016. The study sample comprised120 subject which were selected through the census sampling method. Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), Abbreviated Mental Test score (AMTs), and socioeconomic questionnaires were used to collect the data. Reliability and validity of both questionnaires in Persian language have been confirmed. The gathered data were analyzed by SPSS-18 and Pearson correlation coefficient test.
Results: A total of 120 male older adults, were included into the study. The mean age of the participants was 66.14 ± 3.37 years and of mean years of hospitalization was 20.16 ± 9.70. Results indicated that the oral health status of the elderly was undesirable. Factors such as cognitive status, age, education, and number of teeth were significantly correlated with oral health status.
Conclusion: Evaluation of the oral health in the elderly is essential for determining the impact of different dental procedures and care. According to the findings, the oral health status of elderly men in Razi Psychiatric Hospital is weak. Therefore, accurate oral examinations are recommended.
 

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Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis is the most common cause of pain in the older population and affecting about one third of the elderly throughout the world. There is some evidence that exercise could lead to pain improvement in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis. Interventions that target physical activity in elderly patients are damaged by high dropouts. Low levels of compliance with exercise have become a major challenge for these patients. Using an educational app can be a solution to this challenge. Method: the first step was to develop a sports application and an array of effective sports movements in the treatment of osteoarthritis was introduced to educate the patient. Then 135 patients with osteoarthritis with average age 60.6 ± 6.18 were randomly divided into two groups . Finally, 85 patients stayed in the intervention, of which 20 (23%) were male. 57% of the participants had Grade 2 knee osteoarthritis, 34% Grade 3, and others with Grade 4. Patients were studied for 12 weeks. Exercise program was performed repetitively three times a day and pain variables (based on the WOMAC questionnaire) and (Lequesne questionnaire) at 0, 4, 12 weeks intervals. Results: The average Pain score of patients after exercise was significantly decreased in both groups (P<0/05). Comparing the average Pain score of patients between the two application groups and the pamphlet, there was no significant difference in pain reduction, which indicates the effect of exercise on reducing pain regardless of the type of training and intervention. Conclusion: The lower dropout percentage of patients that use the application (25%) than pamphlets (42%), indicates that the application can be used in future as an effective tool for patients education

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Introduction: People in old age are susceptible to a variety of diseases and disabilities due to decreased physiological capacities. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of substance abuse, mental health, and frailty among the elderly hospitalized in Hazrat-e Rasoul Hospital in 2019.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed on 300 patients 60 years old and over at Hazrat-e Rasoul Hospital in Tehran. The researcher-made questionnaires for demographics, general health (GHQ), substance use (DAST), and clinical frailty questionnaires (CFS) were used to obtain the data.
Results: The age range of the participants was between 60 and 97 years with a mean of 71 years. 22.7% equals 68% of the elderly studied with substance abuse, mean overall health score was 19.78 with a standard deviation of 13.38 and in elderly frailty, good management index with a frequency of 69 persons equals 23% of Subjects have the highest frequency.
Conclusion: The findings showed that the family, social and economic status of the elderly is influenced by the prevalence of substance abuse and their general health and frailty.

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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of therapeutic recreation on the quality of life in the elderly. This study aimed to examine the effect of therapeutic recreation on the quality of life among older women in the daycare center.
Methods: It was a randomized controlled trial. The research population consisted of all older women over 60 years of age who were referred to the elderly center. A total of 64 people were randomly selected based on the sample size, and then the sample members were randomly divided into two groups (32 subjects) and control (32 subjects). The intervention consisted of 10 sessions of therapeutic recreation for 10 weeks for the experimental group. Life expectancy was measured before, after the intervention, and follow up in both groups. The research tool was SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. SPSS 20 software was used to analyze the data.
Results: Mean scores of quality of life before intervention after intervention and follow up were 41.52, 55.07, and 72.43, respectively, and in the control group, 45.44, 45.16, and 45.81, respectively. In addition, the findings of this study showed that before the intervention, the mean quality of life in the two intervention and control groups was not significant (P = 0.293). Still, there was a significant difference after the intervention and follow up (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Recreation therapy improves the health of older women, so it is recommended that recreational treatments be used in various age-care settings.
 

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 objective: Many of disabilities of handicaps is related to Inappropriate physical environment that by removing them can create an environment to response their needs. The universal design implies designing the environments in a manner that it is usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for further adaptation. The aim of this study was to investigate Universal design of Veteran Hospices of Tehran.
Methods : This cross-sectional descriptive study was done in 2016. Samples were selected through census sampling. All of the Veteran Hospices in Tehran (overall 4 Hospices) evaluated by using the Nursing Home Physical Fitness Checklist, which consisted of 12 subscales and 70 items also Content validity index was equal to 0.927. that have been used to calculate the content validity index (CVI) . 
Result: The findings of this study showed that Majority of Veteran Hospices in terms of available Prayer room, kitchen,  heating and cooling conditions, management section and were in conformance with the Universal design criteria and in half of the Veteran Hospices, library, staff restroom and suitable laundry room available were in conformance, while only quarter of the Hospices had extinguishers. Also The criteria in the majority of Hospices (75٪) was adequately met in terms of the items of, treatment and rehabilitation room, main entrance and courtyard, while only 25٪ Hospices, living room, bathroom and stairs and ramp were in conformance.
Conclusion: The majority Veteran Hospices evaluated did not follow the Universal design criteria. Therefore, providing the Compatible situation and Living environment through policy and more accurate planning to create a suitable Environment is necessity.
 

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Introduction: One of the indicators that well reflects the status of the elderly is the quality of life index. The results of studies have shown that loneliness and social isolation among the elderly have severe negative effects on their mental and physical health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between quality of life and social isolation of the elderly in Aran and Bidgol.
Methods: This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. 327 elderly people aged 60 to 70 years old in Aran and Bidgol who were selected from the comprehensive urban health service centers according to the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, with a validity of 0.58-0.95 and a reliability of 0.9-0.77, and the Persian version of the 6-item Lubben questionnaire. The data are analyzed using SPSS statistical statistics in both descriptive and analytical terms.
Results: 46.8% people are men and 94.2% are in the age range of 69 years and younger. The average age of the elderly was 7.64 years.There is a statistically significant correlation between role limitations due to physical health status and emotional problems, emotional health, social functioning and general health with all subscales of quality of life. (P<0.05)
Conclusions: The results showed that the quality of life of the elderly in Aran and Bidgol was relatively high and their social isolation was also reported was relatively low. This confirms that in Aran and Bidgol, where the family structure is still traditional and the focus of the families is maintained. The inverse correlation between quality of life and social isolation also warns us to reduce parental social isolation to improve the quality of life of the elderly.