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Introduction: Ageing is associated with many degenerative functional changes and cognitive functions are most vulnerable in this period. Given that there is little information about cognitive failures in the elderly and its influencing factors; the purpose of this research was investigating the mediating role of education in the relationship between mindfulness and cognitive failures in the elderly people.
Method: In this descriptive- correlational study, statistical population comprised of all elderly people in Tehran in 2017. The sample of this study included 215 elderly who were selected by purposive sampling method from nursing homes and a two stage cluster sampling method from Parks in Tehran City. In order to gathering data Cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and Kentucky inventory mindfulness skill (KIMS) were used. In order to analyze data Pearson correlation coefficient and interactional multiple regression method were employed. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 23.
Results: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant negative relationship between mindfulness and cognitive failures in elderly people. It was also found that all subscales of mindfulness (observe, describe, act with awareness and accept without judgment) had significant negative relationship with all components of cognitive failures (memory, distractibility, names and blunders).There was a positive significant relationship between education and mindfulness and its subscales. There was a negative significant relationship between education and cognitive failures and its components. The results of Moderated regression analyses showed that education can moderate the relationship between mindfulness and cognitive Failures in the elderly.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that the relationship between mindfulness and cognitive failures in elderly is not a simple linear association; it is influenced and moderated by education. The results of this study have significant educational and therapeutic implications about the importance of mindfulness and education in experiencing cognitive failures in the elderly.



 

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Introduction: Elderly health is one of the most important health issues in most societies that can be prevented by elderly problems through health care education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of multimedia education on promoting healthy lifestyle of the elderly in Tehran.
Method: This clinical trial study was performed on two groups of thirty elderly people with mean age (63.41 6 6.88) who were members of the elderly focal points of Tehran neighborhoods with moderate to poor lifestyle scores. Intervention group received healthy lifestyle training in old age using multimedia educational software and the control group did not receive any intervention. Three months later, the lifestyle of the two intervention and control groups was again assessed.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the two groups after the intervention (P <0.001).
 Conclusion: Lifestyle education using multimedia educational content is effective in the elderly and due to the importance of healthy lifestyle in preventing the problems of old age and due to the limitations of the elderly for attending healthy lifestyle training classes, The above method can improve the health of the elderly.
 

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 Introduction : Elderly people need a particular way of life in order to have a good life. They need training to become aware of and follow this particular style. Needs assessment and understanding of the current situation is necessary to provide appropriate training.  Needs assessment causes proper planning, saving time and money. Therefore, in this study, we surveyed the educational needs of the elderly about healthy lifestyle in old age.
 
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was performed on elderly people in Sirjan in 2018-2019. The sample size was 361 people that was selected based on Morgan table and multistage stratified sampling method. The data was collected on the basis of a questionnaire called "Living in the Iranian Faith" with 46 questions and Cronbach's alpha of 0.77 Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 24 and using ANOVA and Student-t statistics.
 
Results: The overall mean score of healthy elderly lifestyle was 131± 14.00 Therefore; the life style of the elderly in Sirjan was moderate. 293people (%95)were in the average level of life style; in the areas of lifestyle, mean score and standard deviation47±4.00, in the areas of sport, recreation and physical activity with mean score and standard deviation13 ± 13.01, in the areas of  Healthy Nutrition Area with Average Score and SD 31 ± 4.00 in the areas of Stress Management Score with Average Score and SD13± 3.00 , in the areas of  Social and Interpersonal Relations With the mean score and standard deviation 24±5.00,  Elderly people ‘s needs were in the average level.Another result of this study was that there is a relationship between the different educational needs of older people in the field of lifestyle with demographic factors such as gender, age, literacy level as well as the status of being or not having chronic illnesses and living alone or with a partner.
 
Conclusion: Elderly people in Sirjan’s Elderly people are in  moderately situation  in terms of healthy lifestyles and their domains. It is  necessary to pursue more healthy lifestyle education based on their needs and taking into account demographic characteristics..

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Introduction: Aging is associated with a decrease in cognitive function and an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and depression. Understanding the factors affecting these diseases is of great importance in order to improve the health of the community. So the aim of the present study was to investigate the cognitive function and its influencing factors in the elderly in Tehran sanatorium.
Methods: The study was a correlational study which was conducted on 131 elderly people (38 male & 93 female) over 60 years old living in Tehran nursing homes with an average age of 72.3 years.. Subjects first completed the consent form for participation in the study. Then the demographic characteristics of the subjects were recorded. The mini mental state exam (MMSE) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) were used to assess dementia and stress, respectively. Weight and height were also measured and recorded by digital scale and tape meter, respectively. Independent T test was used to investigate the differences between groups and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between variables. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.21 software.
Results: The results of statistical analysis of data indicate that there is an inverse relationship between age and educational level (P <0.02) and a positive relationship between age and dementia (P <0.002). There was also a significant inverse relationship between education level and dementia (P <0.000). Mean age (P <0.003) and stress level (P <0.048) were significantly higher in the dementia group. On the other hand, the level of education was significantly higher in the group without dementia (P <0.000).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that increased age, level of education, and stress are influencing factors contributing to the decline in cognitive function and related diseases, such as dementia in nursing homes.
 

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Introduction: A significant part of the complications of type 2 diabetes can be reduced through proper education and lifestyle changes. The use of image-based educational materials is one of the ways to provide clear and understandable information to illiterate or low literate people. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the effect of education using pictographs and lectures on the lifestyle of diabetic elderly referred to Rafsanjan Diabetes Clinic.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 105 elderly people referring to Rafsanjan Diabetes Clinic were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups of 35 people. In one group, lifestyle trainings were presented using pictographs and in the other group, trainings were presented through lectures. The control group received routine training. Data were collected using a Health-Promoting Lifestyle Questionnaire before and three months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.18 and statistical tests such as independent samples t test. Paired t test, chi square and ANOVA.
Results: Based on the results, the mean lifestyle scores of patients in the intervention groups 1 and 2 improved significantly after the intervention (P = 0.001), while the means of total lifestyle score in the two intervention groups were not significantly different (P = 0.105).
Conclusion: Education using pictographs improved the lifestyle of diabetic elderly to the extent of lecturing, so this method is recommended for educating illiterate or low literate elderly.

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Introduction: Health education as the first and most important component of primary health care is one of the serious duties of health center staff. This study aimed to assessment of barriers to elderly health education from health care providers opinions employed in the urban family physician plan of Babol city in 1399.
 Methods: This study was a cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study in which 108 health care providers were selected by census method of sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. At the end of the quantitative questionnaire, two open-ended questions were considered for interviews with health care providers to examine their views from different perspectives. The obtained data from the quantitative questionnaire were analyzed using Statistical tests and P ‹ 0.05 was considered significant. Finally, the findings of the quantitative questionnaire and the interview were combined based on a combined explanatory model.
Results: The quantitative study results of the present study showed that the most important barriers to elderly health education for health care providers was lack of time due to workload, which 49.1% of caregivers reported its impact was high. Among the demographic variables only the age factor had a significant relationship with elderly educational barriers (P=0/004). Also, the interview findings in this study showed that more health care providers expressed high working load (24.6%) and low salaries (21.5%) as the most educational barriers.
Conclusion: According to the results, it is suggested that the official authorities, by providing the necessary manpower in various departments and reducing working load and increasing the level of satisfaction of health care providers regarding the amount salaries, make to encourage health care providers to consider this important issue.

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Introduction: The increase in the Older adults  population and the emergence of new needs for health services to promote active young aging reveal the need to pay attention and recognize the factors affecting their health and well-being as an important part of the society and determine priorities in this field. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of the educational program developed locally for the needs of young Older adults   people in improving the quality of life and reducing depression of young Older adults   people in Yazd city.
Methods: The research method was a semi-experimental type of pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population was all people with the age range of 60 to 75 years in Yazd city. The sample size of 36 people was selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups (18 people in each group) according to the criteria for entering the research. The experimental group received the training package in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive training. The research tool was the quality of life questionnaire for the Older adults   by Lipad (1998) and depression in the Older adults by Yeswageh (1996). Multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance tests were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that the native educational package of the needs of young Older adults had a significant effect on reducing depression and improving the quality of life (and then life satisfaction) in the post-test stage (P<0.05). But it has not had a significant effect on the improvement of quality of life dimensions (physical, self-care, depression and anxiety, cognitive, social and sexual issues).
 Conclusions: Considering the importance of the local educational program for the needs of the Older adults, it can be useful to hold training courses for the young Older adults in order to improve the quality of life and reduce depression.
 

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Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common cognitive disorders that manifests through the gradual loss of memory and cognitive abilities, progressively increasing the need for constant care and support for the patient. The caregivers of these patients are often family members who bear the heavy responsibility of caring for the patient. The aim of the current study is to explore the educational needs of informal caregivers of older individuals suffering from Alzheimer’s disease.
Methods: The present research is a qualitative study employing content analysis methodology. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 5 relevant specialists, 12 informal caregivers with at least 6 months of experience in caring for an older adult with Alzheimer’s disease, and 5 older adults in the mild stage of Alzheimer’s disease, as confirmed by a physician. The Graneheim and Lundman method was employed to analyze the data.

Results: In this study, 294 primary codes, 19 sub-categories, and 4 main categories were identified. The four main categories included “the need for information and education, the need for home modifications and safety, the need for self-health management, and the need to engage other family members”.
Conclusions: This study indicates that the most important needs of informal caregivers of older adults with Alzheimer’s disease include receiving adequate information, raising awareness, and having quick access to information resources. Addressing these educational needs can improve the quality of life of these older adults and reduce the caregiving burden.