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The effect of fall-proof exercises on balance, risk of falls, and quality of life in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Mohammadali Sarbazi Zarandi   , Safoora Sabaghian Rad , Fereshteh Kazemi Pakdel * |
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Abstract: (1162 Views) |
Objective. Aging leads to a decline in strength, balance, and mobility, which can increase the likelihood of falls, reduce independence, and ultimately lead to disability; therefore, this systematic review examines the effect of fall-proof exercises on balance, fear of falling, and quality of life in the elderly
Methods. Primary sources were obtained from four databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, CENTRAL (Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials) and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria for the study were as follows: (1) Population: Elderly over 60 years of age. (2) Intervention: Fall-proof exercises. (3) Comparator: Fall-proof exercise versus non-exercise control or fall-proof exercise versus other exercises. (4) Outcomes: Report of various variables of motor function. (5) Study designs: Randomized trials. (6) The reviewed articles were published in English and Persian. Standardized mean differences (SMD), weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the results using random or fixed-effect models.
Results. After the screening process, a total of 11 studies including 307 participants were included in this systematic review. The results of the meta-analysis showed that fall-proof exercises improved static balance (p=0.001, [95% CI: 1.68-2.09]), dynamic balance (p=0.001, [95% CI: 1.81-2.06]), fear of falling (p=0.001, [95% CI: 1.55-2.06]), and quality of life (p=0.001, [95% CI: 1.64-1.06]).
Conclusion. The present systematic review and meta-analysis showed that fall-proof exercises lead to improvements in balance, fear of falling, and quality of life in the elderly. Limited studies have been conducted on the effect of fall-proof exercises. Also, limited variables have been evaluated. In addition, fall-proof exercises have been less compared with other exercises, which suggests the need for more original studies in this regard.
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| Keywords: Fall, Balance, Elderly, Fear of Falling, Quality of Life |
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Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
geriatric rehabilitation
Received: 2025/04/23 | Accepted: 2025/03/30 | Published: 2025/03/30
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